Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 93
Essere, however, did not go to the spring as she had been told, but went to the place where she had seen the slave woman push her mother into the water.
Who acts: Essere, slave woman · What happens: not go, tell, go, see, push · To what, where: Essere, place, mother, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Essere, slave woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Essere | Essere | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 go | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Essere | punct |
| 3 | however | however | ADV | _ | 7 go | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 however | punct |
| 5 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 go | aux |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 go | advmod |
| 7 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 spring | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 spring | det |
| 10 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 go | obl |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 told | mark |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 told | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 told | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 told | aux:pass |
| 15 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 go | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 went | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 went | cc |
| 18 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 go | conj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 place | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 place | det |
| 21 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 went | obl |
| 22 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 25 seen | advmod |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 seen | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 seen | aux |
| 25 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 place | acl:relcl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 woman | det |
| 27 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 woman | compound |
| 28 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 push | nsubj |
| 29 | push | push | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 seen | parataxis |
| 30 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 mother | nmod:poss |
| 31 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 push | obj |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 34 water | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 water | det |
| 34 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 push | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 go | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not go | past · do-support | Essere | spring | however property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | Essere | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | go | past | Essere not said here | the place | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | see | past · perfect | Essere | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | push | infinitive | the slave woman | woman's mother | the water | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mother=Theme into water=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/93/