Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 10
The Chiefs Awum and Osode then went into the bush, and searched about until they found an open space, which could be cleared without much trouble.
Who acts: Chiefs Awum, Awum · What happens: go, search, find, clear · To what, where: bush, open space
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chiefs Awum, Awum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Awum | det |
| 2 | Chiefs | Chief | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 Awum | compound |
| 3 | Awum | Awum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 went | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Osode | cc |
| 5 | Osode | Osode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Awum | conj |
| 6 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 went | advmod |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 bush | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 bush | det |
| 10 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 searched | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 searched | cc |
| 13 | searched | search | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | conj |
| 14 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 searched | advmod |
| 15 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 17 found | mark |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 found | nsubj |
| 17 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 searched | advcl |
| 18 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 space | det |
| 19 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 space | amod |
| 20 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 found | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 cleared | punct |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 cleared | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 cleared | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 cleared | aux:pass |
| 25 | cleared | clear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 space | acl:relcl |
| 26 | without | without | ADP | _ | 28 trouble | case |
| 27 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 trouble | amod |
| 28 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cleared | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the Chiefs Awum and Osode | the bush | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into bush=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | search | past | the Chiefs Awum and Osode not said here | about property | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | find | past | Awum | a open space | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Topic | ||||
| 4 | clear | could · passive | a open space | without much trouble | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/10/