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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 155

When Chief Eka heard the threat of the water ju-ju he at once gave orders to all his people that none of them were to go into the river, but, that, if they wanted to wash, they must carry the water to their houses for the purpose.

Who acts: Chief, water, none, orders, that · What happens: hear, give, go, want, wash, carry · To what, where: threat, orders, people, river, that, water

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, water, none, orders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodnsubjflatdetobjcasedetnsubjcompoundpunctnmodnsubjmarkadvmodacl:relclobjcasedet:predetnmod:possoblmarknsubjcasenmodauxmarkaclcasedetoblpunctccpunctoblpunctmarknsubjconjmarkxcomppunctnsubjauxadvcldetobjcasenmod:possoblcasedetoblpunctrootWhenADVChiefPROPNEkaPROPNheardVERBtheDETthreatNOUNofADPtheDETwaterNOUNjuNOUN-PUNCTjuNOUNhePRONatSCONJonceADVgaveVERBordersNOUNtoADPallDEThisPRONpeopleNOUNthatSCONJnonePRONofADPthemPRONwereAUXtoPARTgoVERBintoADPtheDETriverNOUN,PUNCTbutCCONJ,PUNCTthatPRON,PUNCTifSCONJtheyPRONwantedVERBtoPARTwashVERB,PUNCTtheyPRONmustAUXcarryVERBtheDETwaterNOUNtoADPtheirPRONhousesNOUNforADPtheDETpurposeNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhenwhenADVPronType=Int4 heardadvmod
2ChiefChiefPROPNNumber=Sing4 heardnsubj
3EkaEkaPROPNNumber=Sing2 Chiefflat
4heardhearVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 threatdet
6threatthreatNOUNNumber=Sing4 heardobj
7ofofADP_12 jucase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 judet
9waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing12 junsubj
10jujuNOUNNumber=Sing12 jucompound
11--PUNCT_12 jupunct
12jujuNOUNNumber=Sing6 threatnmod
13hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs16 gavensubj
14atatSCONJ_16 gavemark
15onceonceADVNumForm=Word NumType=Mult16 gaveadvmod
16gavegiveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin12 juacl:relcl
17ordersorderNOUNNumber=Plur16 gaveobj
18totoADP_21 peoplecase
19allallDETPronType=Tot21 peopledet:predet
20hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs21 peoplenmod:poss
21peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur16 gaveobl
22thatthatSCONJ_28 gomark
23nonenonePRONPronType=Neg28 gonsubj
24ofofADP_25 themcase
25themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs23 nonenmod
26werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin28 goaux
27totoPART_28 gomark
28gogoVERBVerbForm=Inf21 peopleacl
29intointoADP_31 rivercase
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art31 riverdet
31riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing28 goobl
32,,PUNCT_39 wantedpunct
33butbutCCONJ_39 wantedcc
34,,PUNCT_35 thatpunct
35thatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem39 wantedobl
36,,PUNCT_35 thatpunct
37ififSCONJ_39 wantedmark
38theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs39 wantednsubj
39wantedwantVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 heardconj
40totoPART_41 washmark
41washwashVERBVerbForm=Inf39 wantedxcomp
42,,PUNCT_45 carrypunct
43theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs45 carrynsubj
44mustmustAUXVerbForm=Fin45 carryaux
45carrycarryVERBVerbForm=Inf41 washadvcl
46thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art47 waterdet
47waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing45 carryobj
48totoADP_50 housescase
49theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs50 housesnmod:poss
50houseshouseNOUNNumber=Plur45 carryobl
51forforADP_53 purposecase
52thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art53 purposedet
53purposepurposeNOUNNumber=Sing45 carryobl
54..PUNCT_4 heardpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1hearpastChiefthe threat of the ju ju watervn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer threat=Stimulus
2givepastwaterorderswater's peopleonce propertyvn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent order=Theme to people=Recipient
3gopastnone of peoplethe rivervn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into river=Initial_Location
4want a condition, not said to happenpastorders = orderthatvn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5wash not said to happento-infinitivethat not said herevn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6carrymustorders = orderthe waterorders's housesfor the purposevn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme to house=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/155/