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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 23

Finding that there were five of their members missing, they could not understand what had happened, so they decided not to attend the play that night.

Who acts: boys, five · What happens: find, be, not understand, happen, decide, not attend · To what, where: play · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boys, five), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advclmarkexplccompnsubjcasenmod:possnmodamodpunctnsubjauxadvmodnsubjauxccomppunctadvmodnsubjconjadvmodmarkxcompdetobjdetobl:unmarkedpunctrootFindingVERBthatSCONJtherePRONwereVERBfiveNUMofADPtheirPRONmembersNOUNmissingADJ,PUNCTtheyPRONcouldAUXnotPARTunderstandVERBwhatPRONhadAUXhappenedVERB,PUNCTsoADVtheyPRONdecidedVERBnotPARTtoPARTattendVERBtheDETplayNOUNthatDETnightNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1FindingfindVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part14 understandadvcl
2thatthatSCONJ_4 weremark
3theretherePRONPronType=Dem4 wereexpl
4werebeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin1 Findingccomp
5fivefiveNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card4 werensubj
6ofofADP_8 memberscase
7theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs8 membersnmod:poss
8membersmemberNOUNNumber=Plur5 fivenmod
9missingmissingADJDegree=Pos8 membersamod
10,,PUNCT_1 Findingpunct
11theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs14 understandnsubj
12couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin14 understandaux
13notnotPARTPolarity=Neg14 understandadvmod
14understandunderstandVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
15whatwhatPRONPronType=Int17 happenednsubj
16hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin17 happenedaux
17happenedhappenVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part14 understandccomp
18,,PUNCT_21 decidedpunct
19sosoADV_21 decidedadvmod
20theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs21 decidednsubj
21decideddecideVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin14 understandconj
22notnotPARTPolarity=Neg24 attendadvmod
23totoPART_24 attendmark
24attendattendVERBVerbForm=Inf21 decidedxcomp
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 playdet
26playplayNOUNNumber=Sing24 attendobj
27thatthatDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem28 nightdet
28nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing24 attendobl:unmarked
29..PUNCT_14 understandpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1findgerundboys = boy not said herevn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2bepastfive of boys's memberstherevn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3not understandcouldboys = boyvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4happenpast · perfectwhat nsubjvn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5decidepastboys = boyvn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6not attend not said to happento-infinitiveboys = boy not said herethe playnightvn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme play=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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