Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., sentence 50
Agberamfe went as he was told but he stood outside the shelter and watched the blacksmith very carefully until he saw him pull the red hot iron out of the fire and make a dart for him.
Who acts: Agberamfe, son · What happens: go, tell, stand, watch, see, pull · To what, where: Agberamfe, shelter, blacksmith, son, red hot iron, fire · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Agberamfe, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Agberamfe | Agberamfe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 told | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 told | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 told | aux:pass |
| 6 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 went | advcl |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 stood | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 stood | nsubj |
| 9 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 10 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 12 shelter | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 shelter | det |
| 12 | shelter | shelter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stood | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 watched | cc |
| 14 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 blacksmith | det |
| 16 | blacksmith | blacksmith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 watched | obj |
| 17 | very | very | ADV | _ | 18 carefully | advmod |
| 18 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 14 watched | advmod |
| 19 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 21 saw | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 saw | nsubj |
| 21 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 watched | advcl |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 saw | obj |
| 23 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 saw | xcomp |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 iron | det |
| 25 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 iron | amod |
| 26 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 iron | amod |
| 27 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pull | obj |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 fire | case |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 fire | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 fire | det |
| 31 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pull | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 make | cc |
| 33 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 pull | conj |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 dart | det |
| 35 | dart | dart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 make | obj |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 him | case |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 make | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Agberamfe | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past · passive | Agberamfe | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | stand | past | Agberamfe | the shelter | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent outside shelter=Location | ||||
| 4 | watch | past | Agberamfe not said here | the blacksmith | carefully property | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blacksmith=Theme | |||
| 5 | see | past | Agberamfe | son | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | pull | infinitive | son not said here | the red hot iron | the fire | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent iron=Theme out fire=Initial_Location | |||
| 7 | make | infinitive | son not said here | a dart | for son | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent dart=Product for he=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/8/50/