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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., sentence 53

In the evening Chief Osewo sent for the leopard and told him that he was going to send his son Agberamfe to him for ten days, and that during that time he must contrive to kill him by stealth and send the boy’s skin to him so that he might be quite sure that his son was dead at last.

Who acts: Chief, leopard, that, son · What happens: send, tell, go, contrive, kill, be · To what, where: leopard, son, skin, last · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, leopard, that, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

casedetoblnsubjflatcasedetoblccconjiobjmarknsubjauxccompmarkxcompnmod:possobjapposcaseoblcasenummodoblpunctccnsubj:outercasedetoblnsubjauxconjmarkxcompobjcaseoblccconjdetnmod:posscaseobjcaseoblmarkfixednsubjauxcopadvmodadvclmarknmod:possnsubjcopccompcaseoblpunctrootInADPtheDETeveningNOUNChiefPROPNOsewoPROPNsentVERBforADPtheDETleopardNOUNandCCONJtoldVERBhimPRONthatSCONJhePRONwasAUXgoingVERBtoPARTsendVERBhisPRONsonNOUNAgberamfePROPNtoADPhimPRONforADPtenNUMdaysNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthatPRONduringADPthatDETtimeNOUNhePRONmustAUXcontriveVERBtoPARTkillVERBhimPRONbyADPstealthNOUNandCCONJsendVERBtheDETboyNOUN’sPARTskinNOUNtoADPhimPRONsoSCONJthatSCONJhePRONmightAUXbeAUXquiteADVsureADJthatSCONJhisPRONsonNOUNwasAUXdeadADJatADPlastADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_3 eveningcase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 eveningdet
3eveningeveningNOUNNumber=Sing6 sentobl
4ChiefChiefPROPNNumber=Sing6 sentnsubj
5OsewoOsewoPROPNNumber=Sing4 Chiefflat
6sentsendVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
7forforADP_9 leopardcase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 leoparddet
9leopardleopardNOUNNumber=Sing6 sentobl
10andandCCONJ_11 toldcc
11toldtellVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin6 sentconj
12himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 toldiobj
13thatthatSCONJ_16 goingmark
14hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs16 goingnsubj
15wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin16 goingaux
16goinggoVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part11 toldccomp
17totoPART_18 sendmark
18sendsendVERBVerbForm=Inf16 goingxcomp
19hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs20 sonnmod:poss
20sonsonNOUNNumber=Sing18 sendobj
21AgberamfeAgberamfePROPNNumber=Sing20 sonappos
22totoADP_23 himcase
23himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs18 sendobl
24forforADP_26 dayscase
25tentenNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card26 daysnummod
26daysdayNOUNNumber=Plur18 sendobl
27,,PUNCT_35 contrivepunct
28andandCCONJ_35 contrivecc
29thatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem35 contrivensubj:outer
30duringduringADP_32 timecase
31thatthatDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem32 timedet
32timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing35 contriveobl
33hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs35 contrivensubj
34mustmustAUXVerbForm=Fin35 contriveaux
35contrivecontriveVERBVerbForm=Inf6 sentconj
36totoPART_37 killmark
37killkillVERBVerbForm=Inf35 contrivexcomp
38himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs37 killobj
39bybyADP_40 stealthcase
40stealthstealthNOUNNumber=Sing37 killobl
41andandCCONJ_42 sendcc
42sendsendVERBVerbForm=Inf37 killconj
43thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art44 boydet
44boyboyNOUNNumber=Sing46 skinnmod:poss
45’s'sPART_44 boycase
46skinskinNOUNNumber=Sing42 sendobj
47totoADP_48 himcase
48himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs42 sendobl
49sosoSCONJExtPos=SCONJ55 suremark
50thatthatSCONJ_49 sofixed
51hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs55 surensubj
52mightmightAUXVerbForm=Fin55 sureaux
53bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf55 surecop
54quitequiteADV_55 sureadvmod
55suresureADJDegree=Pos42 sendadvcl
56thatthatSCONJ_60 deadmark
57hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs58 sonnmod:poss
58sonsonNOUNNumber=Sing60 deadnsubj
59wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin60 deadcop
60deaddeadADJDegree=Pos55 sureccomp
61atatADP_62 lastcase
62lastlastADJDegree=Pos60 deadobl
63..PUNCT_6 sentpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1sendpastChiefeveningfor the leopardvn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2tell speech: assertpastChief not said hereleopardvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
3gopast · progressiveleopardvn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4sendto-infinitiveleopard not said hereleopard's sonsondayvn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent son=Theme to he=Destination
5contrivemustthattimeson nsubjtree rules
6killto-infinitivethat not said heresonby stealthvn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
7sendinfinitivethat not said herethe boy's skinsonvn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent skin=Theme to he=Destination
8ismightsonsure propertytree rules
9ispastson's sonlastdead propertytree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/8/53/