Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism., sentence 88
When all the people had assembled, it was noticed that there were very few chiefs present as most of them and the head men had joined the witches’ society.
Who acts: people, few chiefs, most · What happens: assemble, notice, be, present, join · To what, where: drum, society
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, few chiefs, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 6 assembled | mark |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 people | det:predet |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 people | det |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 assembled | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 assembled | aux |
| 6 | assembled | assemble | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 noticed | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 assembled | punct |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 noticed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 noticed | aux:pass |
| 10 | noticed | notice | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 were | mark |
| 12 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 were | expl |
| 13 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 present | advcl |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 few | advmod |
| 15 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 chiefs | amod |
| 16 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 present | nsubj |
| 17 | present | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 noticed | parataxis |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 joined | mark |
| 19 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 27 joined | nsubj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 them | case |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 most | nmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 joined | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 men | det |
| 24 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 men | compound |
| 25 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 joined | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 joined | aux |
| 27 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 present | ccomp |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 witches | det |
| 29 | witches | witch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 society | nmod:poss |
| 30 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 29 witches | case |
| 31 | society | society | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 joined | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 noticed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | assemble | past · perfect | all people | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | notice | past · passive | drum | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | be | past | few chiefs not said here | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | present | present | few chiefs | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | join | past · perfect | most of people | the witches's society | the head men nsubj | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent society=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/9/88/