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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism., sentence 88

When all the people had assembled, it was noticed that there were very few chiefs present as most of them and the head men had joined the witches’ society.

Who acts: people, few chiefs, most · What happens: assemble, notice, be, present, join · To what, where: drum, society

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xii.--concerning the Okuni Witches and Cannibalism.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, few chiefs, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

markdet:predetdetnsubjauxadvclpunctnsubj:passaux:passmarkexpladvcladvmodamodnsubjparataxismarknsubjcasenmodccdetcompoundnsubjauxccompdetnmod:posscaseobjpunctrootWhenSCONJallDETtheDETpeopleNOUNhadAUXassembledVERB,PUNCTitPRONwasAUXnoticedVERBthatSCONJtherePRONwereVERBveryADVfewADJchiefsNOUNpresentVERBasSCONJmostADJofADPthemPRONandCCONJtheDETheadNOUNmenNOUNhadAUXjoinedVERBtheDETwitchesNOUN’PARTsocietyNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhenwhenSCONJ_6 assembledmark
2allallDETPronType=Tot4 peopledet:predet
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 peopledet
4peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur6 assemblednsubj
5hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin6 assembledaux
6assembledassembleVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part10 noticedadvcl
7,,PUNCT_6 assembledpunct
8ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs10 noticednsubj:pass
9wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin10 noticedaux:pass
10noticednoticeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
11thatthatSCONJ_13 weremark
12theretherePRONPronType=Dem13 wereexpl
13werebeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin17 presentadvcl
14veryveryADV_15 fewadvmod
15fewfewADJDegree=Pos16 chiefsamod
16chiefschiefNOUNNumber=Plur17 presentnsubj
17presentpresentVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin10 noticedparataxis
18asasSCONJ_27 joinedmark
19mostmostADJDegree=Sup27 joinednsubj
20ofofADP_21 themcase
21themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs19 mostnmod
22andandCCONJ_27 joinedcc
23thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art25 mendet
24headheadNOUNNumber=Sing25 mencompound
25menmanNOUNNumber=Plur27 joinednsubj
26hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin27 joinedaux
27joinedjoinVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass17 presentccomp
28thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art29 witchesdet
29witcheswitchNOUNNumber=Plur31 societynmod:poss
30’'sPART_29 witchescase
31societysocietyNOUNNumber=Sing27 joinedobj
32..PUNCT_10 noticedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1assemblepast · perfectall peoplevn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
2noticepast · passivedrumvn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
3bepastfew chiefs not said heretherevn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4presentpresentfew chiefstree rules
5joinpast · perfectmost of peoplethe witches's societythe head men nsubjvn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent society=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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