Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 10, sentence 10
But the minister, named Devajnanin, whispered in the king's ear: "How can a man possess such knowledge unattainable by men, without having studied the books of magic; you may be certain that this is a specimen of the way he makes a dishonest livelihood, by having a secret intelligence with thieves.
Who acts: minister, man, having, you, this, king · What happens: name, whisper, possess, have, study, be · To what, where: minister, ear, such knowledge, books, specimen, dishonest livelihood · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (minister, man, having, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 whispered | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 minister | det |
| 3 | minister | minister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 whispered | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 named | punct |
| 5 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 minister | acl |
| 6 | Devajnanin | Devajnanin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 named | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 minister | punct |
| 8 | whispered | whisper | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 ear | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 king | det |
| 11 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ear | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 king | case |
| 13 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 whispered | obl |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 possess | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 possess | punct |
| 16 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 possess | advmod |
| 17 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 possess | aux |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 man | det |
| 19 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 possess | nsubj |
| 20 | possess | possess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 whispered | ccomp |
| 21 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 knowledge | amod |
| 22 | knowledge | knowledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 possess | obj |
| 23 | unattainable | unattainable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 knowledge | amod |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 men | case |
| 25 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 possess | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 having | punct |
| 27 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 28 having | mark |
| 28 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 studied | csubj |
| 29 | studied | study | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 possess | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 books | det |
| 31 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 studied | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 magic | case |
| 33 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 books | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 certain | punct |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 certain | nsubj |
| 36 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 certain | aux |
| 37 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 certain | cop |
| 38 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 whispered | conj |
| 39 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 43 specimen | mark |
| 40 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 specimen | nsubj |
| 41 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 specimen | cop |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 specimen | det |
| 43 | specimen | specimen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 certain | ccomp |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 way | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 way | det |
| 46 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 specimen | nmod |
| 47 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 makes | nsubj |
| 48 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 way | acl:relcl |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 livelihood | det |
| 50 | dishonest | dishonest | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 livelihood | amod |
| 51 | livelihood | livelihood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 makes | obj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 having | punct |
| 53 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 54 having | mark |
| 54 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 whispered | advcl |
| 55 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 57 intelligence | det |
| 56 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 intelligence | amod |
| 57 | intelligence | intelligence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 having | obj |
| 58 | with | with | ADP | _ | 59 thieves | case |
| 59 | thieves | thief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 having | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 whispered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | name | participle | the minister not said here | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | whisper speech: assert | past | the minister | the king's ear | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | possess in a quote | can | a man | such knowledge | by men | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot knowledge=Theme | |||
| 4 | have in a quote | gerund | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | study in a quote | past | having | the books of magic | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | may | you | certain property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | this | a specimen | of the way | tree rules | |||
| 8 | make in a quote | present | king | a dishonest livelihood | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livelihood=Product | ||||
| 9 | have in a quote | gerund | the minister not said here | a secret intelligence | with thieves | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent intelligence=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/16/10/