Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 12, sentence 112
On, on he galloped, leaving his retinue far behind, keeping the white hind in view, never drawing bridle, until, finding himself in a narrow ravine with no outlet, he reined in his steed.
Who acts: king · What happens: gallop, leave, keep, not draw, find, rein · To what, where: retinue, bridle, king, narrow ravine, steed
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | SCONJ | _ | 5 galloped | mark |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 galloped | punct |
| 3 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 5 galloped | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 galloped | nsubj |
| 5 | galloped | gallop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 reined | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 leaving | punct |
| 7 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 galloped | advcl |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 retinue | nmod:poss |
| 9 | retinue | retinue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leaving | obj |
| 10 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 behind | advmod |
| 11 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 7 leaving | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 keeping | punct |
| 13 | keeping | keep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 leaving | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 hind | det |
| 15 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 hind | amod |
| 16 | hind | hind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 keeping | xcomp |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 view | case |
| 18 | view | view | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hind | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 drawing | punct |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 21 drawing | advmod |
| 21 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 keeping | conj |
| 22 | bridle | bridle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 drawing | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 finding | punct |
| 24 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 26 finding | mark |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 finding | punct |
| 26 | finding | find | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 keeping | conj |
| 27 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 26 finding | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 ravine | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 ravine | det |
| 30 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 ravine | amod |
| 31 | ravine | ravine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 finding | obl |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 outlet | case |
| 33 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 34 outlet | det |
| 34 | outlet | outlet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 finding | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 galloped | punct |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 reined | nsubj |
| 37 | reined | rein | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 steed | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 steed | nmod:poss |
| 40 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 reined | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 37 reined | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gallop | past | king | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | leave | gerund | king not said here | king's retinue | behind property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retinue=Theme | |||
| 3 | keep | gerund | king not said here | hind property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | not draw | gerund | king not said here | bridle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridle=Theme | ||||
| 5 | find | gerund | king not said here | king | a narrow ravine | with no outlet | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic | ||
| 6 | rein | past | king | king's steed | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/18/112/