Indian Fairy Tales, I. the Lion and the Crane., sentence 22

It may be remarked that the use of the lion in this and other Jatakas is indirectly a testimony to their great age, as the lion has become rarer and rarer in India during historic times, and is now confined to the Gir forest of Kathiáwar, where only a dozen specimens exist, and are strictly preserved.

Who acts: use, lion, dozen specimens · What happens: remark, be, become, confine, exist, preserve · To what, where: form, testimony, Gir forest, lion

This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, I. the Lion and the Crane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (use, lion, dozen specimens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 remarked	nsubj:pass
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 remarked	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 remarked	aux:pass
4	remarked	remark	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	19 testimony	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 use	det
7	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 testimony	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 lion	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 lion	det
10	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 use	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 this	case
12	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 lion	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 Jatakas	cc
14	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 Jatakas	amod
15	Jatakas	jataka	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lion	conj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 testimony	cop
17	indirectly	indirectly	ADV	_	19 testimony	advmod
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 testimony	det
19	testimony	testimony	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 remarked	advcl
20	to	to	ADP	_	23 age	case
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 age	nmod:poss
22	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 age	amod
23	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 testimony	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 become	punct
25	as	as	SCONJ	_	29 become	mark
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 lion	det
27	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 become	nsubj
28	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 become	aux
29	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 remarked	conj
30	rarer	rare	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	29 become	xcomp
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 rarer	cc
32	rarer	rare	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	30 rarer	conj
33	in	in	ADP	_	34 India	case
34	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 rarer	obl
35	during	during	ADP	_	37 times	case
36	historic	historic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 times	amod
37	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 rarer	obl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 confined	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 confined	cc
40	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	42 confined	aux:pass
41	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	42 confined	advmod
42	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 remarked	conj
43	to	to	ADP	_	46 forest	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 forest	det
45	Gir	Gir	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 forest	compound
46	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 confined	obl
47	of	of	ADP	_	48 Kathiáwar	case
48	Kathiáwar	Kathiáwar	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 forest	nmod
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 exist	punct
50	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	55 exist	advmod
51	only	only	ADV	_	53 dozen	advmod
52	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	53 dozen	det
53	dozen	dozen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	54 specimens	nummod
54	specimens	specimen	NOUN	Number=Plur	55 exist	nsubj
55	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	48 Kathiáwar	acl:relcl
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	60 preserved	punct
57	and	and	CCONJ	_	60 preserved	cc
58	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	60 preserved	aux:pass
59	strictly	strictly	ADV	_	60 preserved	advmod
60	preserved	preserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 remarked	conj
61	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 remarked	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remark speech: assert	may · passive		form				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
2	is a	present	the use of the lion in this and other Jatakas	a testimony		to Lion's great age	indirectly property	tree rules
3	become	present · perfect	the lion				rare property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
4	confine	present · passive			the Gir forest of Kathiáwar	now		vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to forest=Destination
5	exist	present	dozen specimens					vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	preserve	present · passive					strictly property	vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»
7	use			the lion in this and other Jatakas				nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/32/22/