Indian Fairy Tales, XXIX. the Pigeon and the Crow., sentence 4
_--We began with an animal Jataka, and may appropriately finish with one which shows how effectively the writers of the Jatakas could represent animal folk, and how terribly moral they invariably were in their tales.
Who acts: We, writers · What happens: begin, finish, show, represent, be · To what, where: one, animal folk, tales · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXIX. the Pigeon and the Crow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, writers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 began | punct |
| 2 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 4 began | punct |
| 3 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 began | nsubj |
| 4 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 animal | case |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 animal | det |
| 7 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 began | obl |
| 8 | Jataka | Jataka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 animal | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 finish | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 finish | cc |
| 11 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 finish | aux |
| 12 | appropriately | appropriately | ADV | _ | 13 finish | advmod |
| 13 | finish | finish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 began | advcl |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 one | case |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 finish | obj |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 shows | nsubj |
| 17 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 one | acl:relcl |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 effectively | advmod |
| 19 | effectively | effectively | ADV | _ | 26 represent | advmod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 writers | det |
| 21 | writers | writer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 represent | nsubj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Jatakas | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Jatakas | det |
| 24 | Jatakas | jataka | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 writers | nmod |
| 25 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 represent | aux |
| 26 | represent | represent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 shows | ccomp |
| 27 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 folk | compound |
| 28 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 represent | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 moral | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 moral | cc |
| 31 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 terribly | advmod |
| 32 | terribly | terribly | ADV | _ | 33 moral | advmod |
| 33 | moral | moral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 began | parataxis |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 tales | nsubj |
| 35 | invariably | invariably | ADV | _ | 39 tales | advmod |
| 36 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 tales | cop |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 tales | case |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 tales | nmod:poss |
| 39 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 moral | parataxis |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | We | with a animal | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with animal=Subeventuality | ||||
| 2 | finish | may | We not said here | one | appropriately property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality one=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | show | present | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 4 | represent | could | the writers of the Jatakas | animal folk | effectively property | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot folk=Theme | |||
| 5 | is | past | writers = writer | writers's tales | invariably property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/60/4/