Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 111

When the old man returned with the water he was very tired, for the river was far for an old man to go to, therefore he fell asleep.

Who acts: old man, river, Hlakanyana · What happens: return, be, go, fall · To what, where: old man

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, river, Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 tired	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 man	det
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 man	amod
4	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tired	nsubj
5	returned	return	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 man	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 returned	obl
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 tired	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 tired	cop
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 tired	advmod
12	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 man	punct
14	for	for	ADP	_	18 far	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 river	det
16	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 far	nsubj
17	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 far	cop
18	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	22 man	obl
19	for	for	ADP	_	22 man	case
20	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 man	det
21	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 man	amod
22	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tired	conj
23	to	to	PART	_	24 go	mark
24	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 man	acl
25	to	to	ADP	_	24 go	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 fell	punct
27	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	29 fell	advmod
28	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 fell	nsubj
29	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 tired	advcl
30	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 fell	xcomp
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 tired	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	return	participle		the old man not said here	with the water	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	past	the old man		Hlakanyana nsubj; tired property	tree rules
3	is	past	the river		far property	tree rules
4	go	to-infinitive	the old man not said here			vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	fall	past	Hlakanyana		asleep, therefore property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 111

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 111