Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 120
They found only dung, for Hlakanyana had filled the pot with dung.
Who acts: men, Hlakanyana · What happens: find, fill · To what, where: dung, pot
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 found | nsubj |
| 2 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 dung | advmod |
| 4 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 found | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 filled | punct |
| 6 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 9 filled | mark |
| 7 | Hlakanyana | Hlakanyana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 filled | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 filled | aux |
| 9 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 found | conj |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pot | det |
| 11 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 filled | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 dung | case |
| 13 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pot | nmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | men = man | dung | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dung=Topic | ||||
| 2 | fill | past · perfect | Hlakanyana | the pot | with dung | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent pot=Patient with dung=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/120/