Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 14
The voice said again: “Make haste and bear me, mother, before the meat of my father is all finished.”
Who acts: voice · What happens: say, make, bear, finish · To what, where: haste, voice, meat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 voice | det |
| 2 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | again | again | ADV | _ | 3 said | advmod |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 Make | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Make | punct |
| 7 | Make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 8 | haste | haste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Make | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bear | cc |
| 10 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Make | conj |
| 11 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 bear | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 mother | punct |
| 13 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Make | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 finished | punct |
| 15 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 23 finished | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 meat | det |
| 17 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 finished | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 father | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 father | nmod:poss |
| 20 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 meat | nmod |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 finished | aux:pass |
| 22 | all | all | ADV | _ | 23 finished | advmod |
| 23 | finished | finish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 Make | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the voice | again | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | make in a quote | infinitive | haste | mother conj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset haste=Product | ||||
| 3 | bear in a quote | infinitive | the voice = voice | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | |||||
| 4 | finish in a quote | present · passive | the meat of my father | all property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/14/