Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 147
The old woman replied: “Yes, my grandchild; if you could make me young, I would be very glad.”
Who acts: old woman, you · What happens: reply, make, be · To what, where: grandchild, old woman · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old woman, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 woman | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 woman | amod |
| 3 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | nsubj |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 grandchild | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 grandchild | punct |
| 7 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 10 grandchild | discourse |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 grandchild | punct |
| 9 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 grandchild | nmod:poss |
| 10 | grandchild | grandchild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 make | punct |
| 12 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 make | mark |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 make | nsubj |
| 14 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 make | aux |
| 15 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 replied | parataxis |
| 16 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 make | obj |
| 17 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 make | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 glad | punct |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 glad | nsubj |
| 20 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 glad | aux |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 glad | cop |
| 22 | very | very | ADV | _ | 23 glad | advmod |
| 23 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 make | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 make | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 make | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the old woman | my grandchild | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | make a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | could | you | the old woman = woman | young property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Product | |||
| 3 | is in a quote | would | the old woman = woman | glad property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/147/