Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 153

He said to the old woman: “You must cook me a little first, and then I will cook you a little.”

Who acts: Hlakanyana, old woman · What happens: say, cook · To what, where: old woman, Hlakanyana · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana, old woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 woman	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 woman	det
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 woman	amod
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 said	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 cook	punct
8	“	"	PUNCT	_	11 cook	punct
9	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 cook	nsubj
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 cook	aux
11	cook	cook	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 said	conj
12	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 cook	obj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 little	det
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cook	obl:unmarked
15	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 cook	advmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 cook	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 cook	cc
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	21 cook	advmod
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 cook	nsubj
20	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 cook	aux
21	cook	cook	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 cook	conj
22	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 cook	obj
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 little	det
24	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 cook	obl:unmarked
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct
26	”	"	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Hlakanyana		the old woman			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to woman=Recipient
2	cook in a quote	must	the old woman = woman	Hlakanyana			a little obl:unmarked; first property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent i=Patient
3	cook in a quote	future	Hlakanyana	the old woman = woman		then	a little obl:unmarked	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 153

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 153