Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 23
He asked for some meat, saying: “Father, father, give me a piece of meat.”
Who acts: face · What happens: ask, say, give · To what, where: Father, piece, face · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 asked | nsubj |
| 2 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 meat | case |
| 4 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 meat | det |
| 5 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 asked | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saying | punct |
| 7 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 asked | advcl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 Father | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Father | punct |
| 10 | Father | Father | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 saying | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 father | punct |
| 12 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Father | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 give | punct |
| 14 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 Father | conj |
| 15 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 give | iobj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 piece | det |
| 17 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 meat | case |
| 19 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 piece | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 Father | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Father | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | face | for some meat | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | face not said here | Father and father | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent father=Topic | ||||
| 3 | give in a quote | infinitive | face not said here | a piece of meat | face | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient piece=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/23/