Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 292
Hlakanyana came again to the trap and saw a bird caught in it.
Who acts: Hlakanyana · What happens: come, see, catch · To what, where: trap, bird
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hlakanyana | Hlakanyana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | again | again | ADV | _ | 2 came | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 trap | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 trap | det |
| 6 | trap | trap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 came | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 saw | cc |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 came | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 bird | det |
| 10 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 11 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 bird | acl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 it | case |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 caught | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Hlakanyana | the trap | again | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to trap=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | see | past | Hlakanyana not said here | a bird | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | catch | participle | a bird not said here | trap | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/292/