Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 33
Then the chief threw him outside the kraal, and went on with his work.
Who acts: chief, Hlakanyana · What happens: throw, go on, work · To what, where: Hlakanyana, kraal
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 threw | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 threw | nsubj |
| 4 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 threw | obj |
| 6 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 8 kraal | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 kraal | det |
| 8 | kraal | kraal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 threw | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 went | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 went | cc |
| 11 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 threw | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADV | _ | 11 went | advmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 work | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 work | nmod:poss |
| 15 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 went | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | past | the chief | Hlakanyana | the kraal | then | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent he=Theme outside kraal=Destination | ||
| 2 | go on | past | the chief not said here | with Hlakanyana's work | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | work | Hlakanyana | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/33/