Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 365
The next day when the leopardess came there was no cub left to give her.
Who acts: leopardess, next day, cub · What happens: come, be, leave, give · To what, where: cub, mother
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leopardess, next day, cub), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 day | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 day | amod |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cub | nsubj |
| 4 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 7 came | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 leopardess | det |
| 6 | leopardess | leopardess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | nsubj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 day | acl:relcl |
| 8 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 came | advmod |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 cub | cop |
| 10 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 cub | det |
| 11 | cub | cub | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 cub | acl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 give | mark |
| 14 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 left | xcomp |
| 15 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 give | iobj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 cub | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the leopardess | there | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | the next day | no cub | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | leave | participle | no cub not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | give | to-infinitive | no cub not said here | mother | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/365/