Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 373
Just hold it up while I get a prop and put under it.”
Who acts: you, I · What happens: hold up, get, put · To what, where: rock, prop
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Just | just | ADV | _ | 2 hold | advmod |
| 2 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 hold | obj |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 hold | compound:prt |
| 5 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 7 get | mark |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 get | nsubj |
| 7 | get | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 hold | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 prop | det |
| 9 | prop | prop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 get | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 put | cc |
| 11 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 get | conj |
| 12 | under | under | ADP | _ | 13 it | case |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 put | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 hold | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 hold | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold up | imperative | you not said here | rock | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | ||||
| 2 | get | present | I | a prop | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer prop=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | put | participle | I not said here | rock | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent under it=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/373/