Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 387

In the morning when the animals awoke and found that the tree of the chief was finished in the night, they asked each other: “What became of the fruit of the chiefs tree?

Who acts: animals, trees · What happens: awake, find, finish, ask, become · To what, where: tree, each · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 morning	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 morning	det
3	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 awoke	obl
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 awoke	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 animals	det
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 awoke	nsubj
7	awoke	awake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 found	cc
9	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 awoke	conj
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 finished	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 tree	det
12	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 finished	nsubj:pass
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 chief	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 chief	det
15	chief	chief	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tree	nmod
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 finished	aux:pass
17	finished	finish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 found	advcl
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 night	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 night	det
20	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 finished	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 asked	punct
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 asked	nsubj
23	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 awoke	conj
24	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	23 asked	obj
25	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 each	fixed
26	:	:	PUNCT	_	29 became	punct
27	“	"	PUNCT	_	29 became	punct
28	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	29 became	nsubj
29	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 awoke	conj
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 fruit	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 fruit	det
32	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 became	obl
33	of	of	ADP	_	36 tree	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 tree	det
35	chiefs	chief	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 tree	compound
36	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 fruit	nmod
37	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 awoke	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	awake	past	the animals		morning		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	find	past	the animals not said here				vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
3	finish	past · passive		the tree of the chief	night		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality
4	ask speech: ask	past	trees = tree	each			vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent each=Recipient
5	become in a quote	past				of the fruit of the chiefs tree; What nsubj	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/387/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 387

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 387