Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 40
Hlakanyana ran to his mother and gave the meat to her to be cooked.
Who acts: Hlakanyana · What happens: run, give, cook · To what, where: meat, mother
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hlakanyana | Hlakanyana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 mother | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 mother | nmod:poss |
| 5 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 gave | cc |
| 7 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 meat | det |
| 9 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | obj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 her | case |
| 11 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 gave | obl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 cooked | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 cooked | aux:pass |
| 14 | cooked | cook | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 gave | advcl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | Hlakanyana | to chief's mother result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to mother=Result | ||||
| 2 | give | past | Hlakanyana not said here | the meat | mother | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent meat=Theme to she=Recipient | |||
| 3 | cook | to-infinitive · passive | Hlakanyana not said here | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/40/