Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 96

Hlakanyana said within himself: “I told them that I was older than they are; to-day it is seen who is a child and who is a man.”

Who acts: Hlakanyana, men, child · What happens: say, tell, be, see · To what, where: men, robber, child, man · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana, men, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hlakanyana	Hlakanyana	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	within	within	ADP	_	4 himself	case
4	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 said	obl
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 told	punct
6	“	"	PUNCT	_	8 told	punct
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 told	nsubj
8	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 said	conj
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 told	iobj
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 older	mark
11	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 older	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 older	cop
13	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 told	ccomp
14	than	than	SCONJ	_	16 are	mark
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 are	nsubj
16	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 older	advcl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 seen	punct
18	to	to	ADP	_	20 day	case
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 to	punct
20	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 seen	obl
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 seen	nsubj:pass
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 seen	aux:pass
23	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 said	ccomp
24	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 child	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 child	cop
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 child	det
27	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 seen	ccomp
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 man	cc
29	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 man	nsubj
30	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 man	cop
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 man	det
32	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 child	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	23 seen	punct
34	”	"	PUNCT	_	23 seen	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Hlakanyana				within Hlakanyana	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tell speech: assert in a quote	past	Hlakanyana		men = man			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
3	is in a quote	past	Hlakanyana				old property	tree rules
4	does in a quote	present	men = man					vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	see in a quote	present · passive		robber		day		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
6	is a in a quote	present		a child and a man			who nsubj	tree rules
7	is a in a quote	present	a child and a man	a man				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/10/96/

🌲 Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 96

The tree

Pragmatics

Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 96