Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 41
There was a little hole in the thatch, and through this he forced his way.
Who acts: little hole, Zim · What happens: be, force · To what, where: way, this
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little hole, Zim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 hole | det |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hole | amod |
| 5 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 thatch | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 thatch | det |
| 8 | thatch | thatch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hole | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 forced | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 forced | cc |
| 11 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 this | case |
| 12 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 forced | obl |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 forced | nsubj |
| 14 | forced | force | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 was | parataxis |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 way | nmod:poss |
| 16 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 forced | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a little hole in the thatch | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | force | past | Zim | Zim's way | this | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/11/41/