Kaffir folk-lore, The Runaway Children; Or, the Wonderful Feather., sentence 51
So they called them by name, and the dogs came running to the tree and ate up the cannibal, who was too tired to make her escape.
Who acts: dogs, cannibal, Ntengu · What happens: call, come, run, eat up, be, make · To what, where: eyes, cannibal, Ntengu · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Runaway Children; Or, the Wonderful Feather.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dogs, cannibal, Ntengu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 called | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 called | obj |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 name | case |
| 6 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 came | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 came | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 dogs | det |
| 10 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 came | nsubj |
| 11 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | parataxis |
| 12 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 came | advcl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 tree | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 tree | det |
| 15 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 running | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 ate | cc |
| 17 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 came | conj |
| 18 | up | up | ADP | _ | 17 ate | compound:prt |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 cannibal | det |
| 20 | cannibal | cannibal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 ate | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tired | punct |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 tired | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 tired | cop |
| 24 | too | too | ADV | _ | 25 tired | advmod |
| 25 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 cannibal | parataxis |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 make | mark |
| 27 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 tired | advcl |
| 28 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 make | obj |
| 29 | escape | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 make | xcomp |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | past | dogs = dog | eyes = eye | by name | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | |||
| 2 | come | past | the dogs | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | run | gerund | the dogs not said here | to the tree result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to tree=Result | ||||
| 4 | eat up | past | the dogs not said here | the cannibal | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cannibal=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the cannibal | tired property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | make | to-infinitive | the cannibal not said here | Ntengu | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | escape | infinitive | Ntengu not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/12/51/