Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Ironside and His Sister., sentence 28
So they arranged that he should smear himself with mud and go to the top of a high hill, and when he was coming down she would tell the cannibals who he was.
Who acts: cannibals, river, sister · What happens: arrange, smear, go, come down, tell · To what, where: river, top, cannibals · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cannibals, river, sister), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 arranged | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 arranged | nsubj |
| 3 | arranged | arrange | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 smear | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 smear | nsubj |
| 6 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 smear | aux |
| 7 | smear | smear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 arranged | ccomp |
| 8 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 smear | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 mud | case |
| 10 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 smear | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 go | cc |
| 12 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 smear | conj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 top | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 top | det |
| 15 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 go | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 hill | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 hill | det |
| 18 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 hill | amod |
| 19 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 top | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 coming | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 coming | cc |
| 22 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 coming | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 coming | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 coming | aux |
| 25 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 arranged | conj |
| 26 | down | down | ADV | _ | 25 coming | advmod |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 tell | nsubj |
| 28 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 tell | aux |
| 29 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 coming | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 cannibals | det |
| 31 | cannibals | cannibal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 tell | obj |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 was | nsubj |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 was | nsubj |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 cannibals | acl:relcl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 arranged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrange | past | cannibals = cannibal | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | smear | should | river | river | with mud | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Destination with mud=Theme | |||
| 3 | go | infinitive | river not said here | the top of a high hill | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to top=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | come down | past · progressive | river | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | would | sister | the cannibals | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cannibal=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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