Kaffir folk-lore, Story of Ironside and His Sister., sentence 44
A party of cannibals who were in pursuit came to the river after it was full, and Ironside made a long rope, and threw the end over to them.
Who acts: party, Ironside · What happens: come, be, make, throw over · To what, where: river, long rope, end, cannibals
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of Ironside and His Sister.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (party, Ironside), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 party | det |
| 2 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 came | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 cannibals | case |
| 4 | cannibals | cannibal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 party | nmod |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 were | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 cannibals | acl:relcl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 pursuit | case |
| 8 | pursuit | pursuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 were | obl |
| 9 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 river | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 river | det |
| 12 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 came | obl |
| 13 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 16 full | mark |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 full | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 full | cop |
| 16 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 came | advcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 made | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 made | cc |
| 19 | Ironside | Ironside | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 made | nsubj |
| 20 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 came | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 rope | det |
| 22 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rope | amod |
| 23 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 made | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 threw | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 threw | cc |
| 26 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 came | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 end | det |
| 28 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 threw | obj |
| 29 | over | over | ADP | _ | 26 threw | compound:prt |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 them | case |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 threw | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | a party of cannibals | the river | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | is | past | party | full property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | past | Ironside | a long rope | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Product | ||||
| 4 | throw over | past | the end | cannibals = cannibal | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent end=Theme to they=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/13/44/