Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Cannibal’s Wonderful Bird., sentence 27
The chief offered him an ox for the bird, but the cannibal declined the offer.
Who acts: chief, cannibal · What happens: offer, decline · To what, where: ox, cannibal, offer
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Cannibal’s Wonderful Bird.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, cannibal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chief | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 offered | nsubj |
| 3 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 offered | iobj |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ox | det |
| 6 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 offered | obj |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 bird | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 bird | det |
| 9 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 offered | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 declined | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 declined | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 cannibal | det |
| 13 | cannibal | cannibal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 declined | nsubj |
| 14 | declined | decline | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 offered | parataxis |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 offer | det |
| 16 | offer | offer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 declined | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 offered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | offer | past | the chief | a ox | cannibal | for the bird | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal ox=Theme | ||
| 2 | decline | past | the cannibal | the offer | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/14/27/