Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Cannibal’s Wonderful Bird., sentence 5
At last they dressed themselves again, and set out for home; but when they had gone some distance, the chief’s daughter noticed that she had forgotten one of her ornaments, which she had taken off when they went to bathe.
Who acts: homes, daughter, number · What happens: dress, set out, go, notice, forget, take off · To what, where: homes, last, distance, one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Cannibal’s Wonderful Bird.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (homes, daughter, number), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 dressed | obl |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 dressed | nsubj |
| 4 | dressed | dress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 dressed | obj |
| 6 | again | again | ADV | _ | 4 dressed | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 set | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 set | cc |
| 9 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dressed | conj |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 set | compound:prt |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 home | case |
| 12 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 set | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 gone | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 gone | cc |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 gone | advmod |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 gone | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 gone | aux |
| 18 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 dressed | conj |
| 19 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 distance | det |
| 20 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 gone | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 noticed | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 chief | det |
| 23 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 24 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 23 chief | case |
| 25 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 noticed | nsubj |
| 26 | noticed | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 gone | advcl |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 forgotten | mark |
| 28 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 forgotten | nsubj |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 forgotten | aux |
| 30 | forgotten | forget | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 noticed | ccomp |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 forgotten | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 ornaments | case |
| 33 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 ornaments | nmod:poss |
| 34 | ornaments | ornament | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 one | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 taken | punct |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 taken | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 taken | aux |
| 39 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 forgotten | conj |
| 40 | off | off | ADP | _ | 39 taken | compound:prt |
| 41 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 43 went | advmod |
| 42 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 went | nsubj |
| 43 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 taken | advcl |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 bathe | mark |
| 45 | bathe | bathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 went | xcomp |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 dressed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dress | past | homes = home | homes = home | last | again | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient | ||
| 2 | set out | past | homes = home not said here | for home | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | past · perfect | homes = home | some distance | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location distance=Theme | ||||
| 4 | notice | past | the chief's daughter | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | forget | past · perfect | number | one of number's ornaments | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | take off | past · perfect · passive | which nsubj:pass; number nsubj | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 7 | go | past | homes = home | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | bathe | to-infinitive | homes = home not said here | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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