Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children., sentence 46
Her husband caught hold of her arm, and said: “Ho! if you put me to death who will be your husband?”
Who acts: husband, you, death · What happens: catch, say, put, be, hold · To what, where: hold, Ho, husband, arm · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (husband, you, death), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 husband | nmod:poss |
| 2 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 caught | nsubj |
| 3 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 caught | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 arm | case |
| 6 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 arm | nmod:poss |
| 7 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 said | cc |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 caught | conj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 Ho | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 Ho | punct |
| 13 | Ho | ho | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | obj |
| 14 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 13 Ho | punct |
| 15 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 17 put | mark |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 put | nsubj |
| 17 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | advcl |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 put | obj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 death | case |
| 20 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 put | obl |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 husband | nsubj |
| 22 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 husband | aux |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 husband | cop |
| 24 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 husband | nmod:poss |
| 25 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 death | acl:relcl |
| 26 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 25 husband | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 caught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | catch | past | Hinazinci's husband | hold of Hinazinci's arm | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | Hinazinci's husband not said here | Ho | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ho=Topic | ||||
| 3 | put a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | past | you | Hinazinci's husband = husband | to death | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Goal | |||
| 4 | is a in a quote | future | death | your husband | your nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 5 | hold | Hinazinci's arm | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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