Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children., sentence 8
He said: “You must leave at such a time that you may arrive there in the evening, so that your mother may not see you, only your father.”
Who acts: grandfather, You, time, mother · What happens: say, leave, arrive, not see · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Cannibal Mother and Her Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandfather, You, time, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 leave | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 leave | punct |
| 5 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 leave | nsubj |
| 6 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 leave | aux |
| 7 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | ccomp |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 time | case |
| 9 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 time | det:predet |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 time | det |
| 11 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leave | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 arrive | nsubj |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 arrive | nsubj |
| 14 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 arrive | aux |
| 15 | arrive | arrive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 time | acl:relcl |
| 16 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 arrive | advmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 evening | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 evening | det |
| 19 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 arrive | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 see | punct |
| 21 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 27 see | mark |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 so | fixed |
| 23 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 mother | nmod:poss |
| 24 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 see | nsubj |
| 25 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 see | aux |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 see | advmod |
| 27 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 leave | conj |
| 28 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 see | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 father | punct |
| 30 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 father | advmod |
| 31 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 father | nmod:poss |
| 32 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 see | parataxis |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 leave | punct |
| 34 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 leave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | grandfather | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | leave in a quote | must | You | time | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | arrive in a quote | may | such time | there | evening | you nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||
| 4 | not see in a quote | may | your mother | you | your father parataxis | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/15/8/