Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu., sentence 24
They wondered at her voice, but she told them she had been ill and her throat was not well yet.
Who acts: girls, mbulu, throat · What happens: wonder, tell, be, not be · To what, where: voice, girls · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girls, mbulu, throat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 wondered | nsubj |
| 2 | wondered | wonder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 voice | case |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 voice | nmod:poss |
| 5 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wondered | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 told | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 told | cc |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | nsubj |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 wondered | conj |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | iobj |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 ill | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 ill | aux |
| 13 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 ill | cop |
| 14 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 told | ccomp |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 yet | cc |
| 16 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 throat | nmod:poss |
| 17 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 yet | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 yet | cop |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 yet | advmod |
| 20 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 21 yet | advmod |
| 21 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 14 ill | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 wondered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wonder speech: ask | past | girls = girl | mbulu's voice | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | mbulu | girls = girl | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is | past · perfect | mbulu | ill property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not is | past | mbulu's throat | well, yet property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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