Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Mbulukazi., sentence 54
Then it went to the deep pool of water, the men following it; it smelt all over the rock, and then jumped into the water and brought out the body of Mbulukazi.
Who acts: ox, men · What happens: go, follow, smelt, jump, bring out · To what, where: deep pool, ox, rock, water, body
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ox, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 pool | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 pool | det |
| 6 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pool | amod |
| 7 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 water | case |
| 9 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pool | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 men | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 men | det |
| 12 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pool | nmod |
| 13 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 men | acl |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 following | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 smelt | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 smelt | nsubj |
| 17 | smelt | smelt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 18 | all | all | ADV | _ | 21 rock | advmod |
| 19 | over | over | ADP | _ | 21 rock | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 rock | det |
| 21 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 smelt | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 jumped | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 jumped | cc |
| 24 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 jumped | advmod |
| 25 | jumped | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 smelt | conj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 water | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 water | det |
| 28 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 jumped | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 brought | cc |
| 30 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 jumped | conj |
| 31 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 brought | compound:prt |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 body | det |
| 33 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 brought | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Mbulukazi | case |
| 35 | Mbulukazi | Mbulukazi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 body | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | ox | the deep pool of water the men | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to pool=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | follow | gerund | the men not said here | ox | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | smelt | past | ox | the rock | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | jump | past | ox not said here | then | into the water result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into water=Result | |||
| 5 | bring out | past | ox not said here | the body of Mbulukazi | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent body=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/54/