Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Long Snake., sentence 1
Once upon a time a certain girl left her father’s place, and went to the village of Long Snake.
Who acts: certain girl · What happens: leave, go · To what, where: place, village
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Long Snake.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 8 left | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 girl | det |
| 6 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 girl | amod |
| 7 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 left | nsubj |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 father | nmod:poss |
| 10 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 place | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 father | case |
| 12 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 left | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 went | cc |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 left | conj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 village | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 village | det |
| 18 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Long | case |
| 20 | Long | Long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 village | nmod |
| 21 | Snake | Snake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Long | flat |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | past | a certain girl | girl's father's place | once property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | |||
| 2 | go | past | a certain girl not said here | the village of Long | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to village=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/18/1/