Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Kenkebe., sentence 14
When they came to a valley close by his home, he told his sisters-in-law that they could now go back to their father.
Who acts: sisters, famine · What happens: come, tell, go back · To what, where: valley, sisters · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Kenkebe.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sisters, famine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 told | advcl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 valley | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 valley | det |
| 6 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 valley | amod |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 home | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 home | nmod:poss |
| 10 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 close | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 told | nsubj |
| 13 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 sisters | nmod:poss |
| 15 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 told | iobj |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 law | punct |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 law | case |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 in | punct |
| 19 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 sisters | conj |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 go | mark |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 go | nsubj |
| 22 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 go | aux |
| 23 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 go | advmod |
| 24 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 told | ccomp |
| 25 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 go | advmod |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 father | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 father | nmod:poss |
| 28 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 go | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | sisters = sister | a valley | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to valley=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | famine | famine's sisters and law | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent sister=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | go back | could | sisters = sister | now | to sisters's father result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to father=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/19/14/