Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Kenkebe., sentence 89
The boy gave her a little piece of meat, and said: “Do not cook it till I am far away with the fire.”
Who acts: boy · What happens: give, say, not cook, be · To what, where: little piece, woman, piece · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Kenkebe.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | iobj |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 piece | det |
| 6 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 piece | amod |
| 7 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gave | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 meat | case |
| 9 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 piece | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | conj |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 cook | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 cook | punct |
| 15 | Do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 17 cook | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 cook | advmod |
| 17 | cook | cook | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 cook | obj |
| 19 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 23 away | mark |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 away | nsubj |
| 21 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 away | cop |
| 22 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 away | advmod |
| 23 | away | away | ADV | _ | 17 cook | advcl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 fire | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 fire | det |
| 26 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 away | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 cook | punct |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 cook | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the boy | a little piece of meat | woman | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient piece=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the boy not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not cook in a quote | infinitive · do-support | piece | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | the boy = boy | with the fire; away, far property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/19/89/