Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Kenkebe., sentence 91
The smell came to the noses of the cannibals, and they ran to the place and swallowed the old woman, and the meat, and the fire, and even the ashes.
Who acts: smell, cannibals · What happens: come, run, swallow · To what, where: ashes, noses, old woman
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Kenkebe.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smell, cannibals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 smell | det |
| 2 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 noses | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 noses | det |
| 6 | noses | nose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 cannibals | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cannibals | det |
| 9 | cannibals | cannibal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 noses | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 ran | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 ran | cc |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 ran | nsubj |
| 13 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | parataxis |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 place | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 place | det |
| 16 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ran | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 swallowed | cc |
| 18 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 ran | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 woman | det |
| 20 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 woman | amod |
| 21 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 swallowed | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 meat | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 meat | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 meat | det |
| 25 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | parataxis |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 fire | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 fire | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 fire | det |
| 29 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 meat | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 ashes | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 ashes | cc |
| 32 | even | even | ADV | _ | 34 ashes | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ashes | det |
| 34 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 came | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the smell | the ashes | the noses of the cannibals | the meat and the fire parataxis | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to nose=Initial_Location | ||
| 2 | run | past | cannibals = cannibal | to the place result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to place=Result | ||||
| 3 | swallow | past | cannibals = cannibal not said here | the old woman | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/19/91/