Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 20
Many words in use by the women, though appearing in a Kaffir form, can be traced to Hottentot roots.
Who acts: use, women · What happens: appear, trace, use · To what, where: Kaffir form, Many words
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (use, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 words | amod |
| 2 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 traced | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 use | case |
| 4 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 words | nmod |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 women | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 women | det |
| 7 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 use | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 appearing | punct |
| 9 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 10 appearing | mark |
| 10 | appearing | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 use | acl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 form | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 form | det |
| 13 | Kaffir | Kaffir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 form | compound |
| 14 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 appearing | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 words | punct |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 traced | aux |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 traced | aux:pass |
| 18 | traced | trace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 roots | case |
| 20 | Hottentot | Hottentot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 roots | compound |
| 21 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 traced | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 traced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | gerund | use by the women not said here | a Kaffir form | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in form=Location | ||||
| 2 | trace | can · passive | Many words in use by the women | to Hottentot roots | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | use | the women | nom use «act transitive»: by=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/20/