Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 203
Foremost among these must be reckoned metallic wares, which include implements of war and husbandry, and ornaments for the person.
Who acts: metallic wares · What happens: reckon, include · To what, where: Foremost, implements
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (metallic wares), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Foremost | foremost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 reckoned | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | among | among | ADP | _ | 3 these | case |
| 3 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 1 Foremost | obl |
| 4 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 reckoned | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 reckoned | aux:pass |
| 6 | reckoned | reckon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | metallic | metallic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wares | compound |
| 8 | wares | ware | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 reckoned | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 include | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 include | nsubj |
| 11 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 wares | acl:relcl |
| 12 | implements | implement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 include | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 war | case |
| 14 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 implements | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 husbandry | cc |
| 16 | husbandry | husbandry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 war | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 ornaments | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 ornaments | cc |
| 19 | ornaments | ornament | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 reckoned | conj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 person | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 person | det |
| 22 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 ornaments | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 reckoned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reckon | must · passive | Foremost among these | metallic wares obj; ornaments for the person conj | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme ware=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | include | present | metallic wares | implements of war and husbandry | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent implement=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/203/