Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 214
In this laborious operation a vast amount of patience and perseverance was exercised, and the article when completed was very creditable indeed.
Who acts: article · What happens: exercise, complete, be, amount · To what, where: vast amount, laborious operation, patience
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (article), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 operation | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 operation | det |
| 3 | laborious | laborious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 operation | amod |
| 4 | operation | operation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 exercised | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 amount | det |
| 6 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 amount | amod |
| 7 | amount | amount | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 exercised | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 patience | case |
| 9 | patience | patience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 amount | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 perseverance | cc |
| 11 | perseverance | perseverance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 patience | conj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 exercised | aux:pass |
| 13 | exercised | exercise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 creditable | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 creditable | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 article | det |
| 17 | article | article | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 creditable | nsubj |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 completed | advmod |
| 19 | completed | complete | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 article | acl |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 creditable | cop |
| 21 | very | very | ADV | _ | 22 creditable | advmod |
| 22 | creditable | creditable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 exercised | conj |
| 23 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 22 creditable | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 exercised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exercise | past · passive | a vast amount of patience and perseverance | this laborious operation | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | complete | participle | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is | past | the article | creditable, indeed property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | amount | patience and perseverance | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/214/