Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 46
About six generations ago a practice was introduced of dividing each tribe into three sections, by the elevation of a third son to power, with the title of representative of the ancients.
What happens: introduce, divide, elevate, title · To what, where: practice, tribe, three sections, third son, representative
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 six | advmod |
| 2 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 generations | nummod |
| 3 | generations | generation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 8 introduced | advmod |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 practice | det |
| 6 | practice | practice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 introduced | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 introduced | aux:pass |
| 8 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 10 dividing | mark |
| 10 | dividing | divide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 introduced | advcl |
| 11 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 tribe | det |
| 12 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 dividing | obj |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 sections | case |
| 14 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 sections | nummod |
| 15 | sections | section | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 dividing | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 elevation | punct |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 elevation | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 elevation | det |
| 19 | elevation | elevation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 dividing | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 son | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 son | det |
| 22 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 23 son | amod |
| 23 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 elevation | nmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 power | case |
| 25 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 son | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 title | punct |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 title | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 title | det |
| 29 | title | title | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 introduced | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 representative | case |
| 31 | representative | representative | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 title | nmod |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 ancients | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ancients | det |
| 34 | ancients | ancient | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 representative | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 introduced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | introduce | past · passive | a practice | with the title of representative of the ancients; ago property | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with title=Instrument | ||||
| 2 | divide | gerund | each tribe | three sections | by the elevation of a third son to power | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent tribe=Theme by elevation=Co-Theme | |||
| 3 | elevate | a third son to power | nom elevation «event transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 4 | title | representative of the ancients | nom title «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/46/