Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 50
His skull is shaped like that of a European; but here the resemblance ends, for his colour is a deep brown, and his hair is short and woolly.
Who acts: colour, hair · What happens: shape, be · To what, where: skull
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (colour, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 skull | nmod:poss |
| 2 | skull | skull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shaped | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 shaped | aux:pass |
| 4 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 that | case |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 shaped | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 European | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 European | det |
| 9 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 that | nmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 here | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 here | cc |
| 12 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 shaped | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 resemblance | det |
| 14 | resemblance | resemblance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ends | nsubj |
| 15 | ends | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 here | cop |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 brown | punct |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 brown | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 colour | nmod:poss |
| 19 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 brown | nsubj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 brown | cop |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 brown | det |
| 22 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 brown | amod |
| 23 | brown | brown | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shaped | parataxis |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 short | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 short | cc |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 hair | nmod:poss |
| 27 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 short | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 short | cop |
| 29 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 shaped | conj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 woolly | cc |
| 31 | woolly | woolly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 short | conj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shape | present · passive | Kaffir's skull | like that of a European | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | is | present | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is | present | Kaffir's colour | for a deep brown | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | present | Kaffir's hair | short property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | be | Kaffir's hair not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/50/