Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Wonderful Horns., sentence 13
You must break off my horns and take them with you.
Who acts: You · What happens: break off, take · To what, where: horns, cattle
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Wonderful Horns.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 break | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 break | aux |
| 3 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | off | off | ADP | _ | 3 break | compound:prt |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 horns | nmod:poss |
| 6 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 break | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 take | cc |
| 8 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 break | conj |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 take | obj |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 you | case |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 take | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 break | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break off | must | You | my horns | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horn=Patient | ||||
| 2 | take | infinitive | You not said here | cattle | with you | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/21/13/