Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Wonderful Horns., sentence 22
The boy started next morning with the horns, thinking they were the right ones.
Who acts: boy, houses · What happens: start, think, be · To what, where: right ones · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Wonderful Horns.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, houses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 started | nsubj |
| 3 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 morning | amod |
| 5 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 started | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 horns | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 horns | det |
| 8 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 started | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 thinking | punct |
| 10 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 started | advcl |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 ones | nsubj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 ones | cop |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ones | det |
| 14 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 ones | amod |
| 15 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 thinking | ccomp |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | the boy | morning | with the horns | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with horn=Subeventuality | |||
| 2 | think speech: other | gerund | the boy not said here | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | houses = house | the right ones | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/21/22/