Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Wonderful Horns., sentence 28
The owner refused, and sent him away, because his clothes were in tatters, and his body soiled with travel.
Who acts: owner, clothes, body · What happens: refuse, send away, be, soil · To what, where: owner, tatters
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Wonderful Horns.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owner, clothes, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 owner | det |
| 2 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 refused | nsubj |
| 3 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 sent | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 sent | cc |
| 6 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 refused | conj |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 sent | obj |
| 8 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 sent | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 tatters | punct |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 15 tatters | mark |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 clothes | nmod:poss |
| 12 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 15 tatters | nsubj |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 tatters | cop |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 tatters | case |
| 15 | tatters | tatter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 sent | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 soiled | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 soiled | cc |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 body | nmod:poss |
| 19 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 soiled | nsubj |
| 20 | soiled | soil | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 refused | conj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 travel | case |
| 22 | travel | travel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 soiled | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 refused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refuse | past | the owner | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | send away | past | the owner not said here | owner | away property | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 3 | is | past | owner's clothes | tatters | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | soil | past | owner's body | with travel | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with travel=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/21/28/