Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Glutton., sentence 18
He pulled out his knife and skinned the buffalo.
Who acts: man · What happens: pull out, skin · To what, where: knife, buffalo
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Glutton.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 pulled | nsubj |
| 2 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | out | out | ADP | _ | 2 pulled | compound:prt |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 knife | nmod:poss |
| 5 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 pulled | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 skinned | cc |
| 7 | skinned | skin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 pulled | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 buffalo | det |
| 9 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 skinned | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 pulled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull out | past | man | man's knife | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | skin | past | man not said here | the buffalo | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer buffalo=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/22/18/