Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Glutton., sentence 35
One day, these twins asked their mother to make bows and arrows for them.
Who acts: twins · What happens: ask, make · To what, where: mother, bows
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Glutton.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 asked | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 day | punct |
| 4 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 twins | det |
| 5 | twins | twin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 asked | nsubj |
| 6 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 mother | nmod:poss |
| 8 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 asked | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 make | mark |
| 10 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 asked | xcomp |
| 11 | bows | bow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 make | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 arrows | cc |
| 13 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 bows | conj |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 them | case |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 make | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | this twins | twins's mother | day | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent mother=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | make not said to happen | to-infinitive | this twins not said here | bows and arrows | for twins = twin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent bow=Product for they=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/22/35/