Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Hare., sentence 25
The animals, when they heard the cry, ran to the kraal and killed the duiker.
Who acts: animals · What happens: hear, run, kill · To what, where: cry, duiker
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Hare.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 animals | det |
| 2 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 heard | advmod |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cry | det |
| 8 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 ran | punct |
| 10 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 kraal | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 kraal | det |
| 13 | kraal | kraal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ran | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 killed | cc |
| 15 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 ran | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 duiker | det |
| 17 | duiker | duiker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 killed | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the animals | the cry | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | run | past | to the kraal result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to kraal=Result | |||||
| 3 | kill | past | the duiker | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duiker=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/24/25/