Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Hare., sentence 87
They came down, but he killed them all with his weapons.
Who acts: leaves, pot · What happens: come down, kill · To what, where: leaves
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Hare.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leaves, pot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 came | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 killed | punct |
| 5 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 killed | cc |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 killed | nsubj |
| 7 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 came | conj |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 killed | obj |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 weapons | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 weapons | nmod:poss |
| 12 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 killed | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come down | past | leaves = leaf | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | kill | past | pot | leaves = leaf | with pot's weapons | vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with weapon=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/24/87/